General knowledge is information that has been accumulated over time through various media and sources.[1] It excludes specialized learning that can only be obtained with extensive training and information confined to a single medium. General knowledge is an essential component of crystallized intelligence. It is strongly associated with general intelligence and with openness to experience.[2]
Studies have found that people who are highly knowledgeable in a particular domain tend to be knowledgeable in many.[3][4] General knowledge is thought to be supported by long-term semantic memory ability.[5] General knowledge also supports schemata for textual understanding.[6]
Individual differences
Intelligence
High scorers on tests of general knowledge tend to also score highly on intelligence tests. IQ has been found to robustly predict general knowledge scores even after accounting for differences in age, and five-factor model personality traits.[7][8][9] However, many general knowledge tests are designed to create a normal distribution of answers, creating a bell-shaped curve.[10]
General knowledge is also moderately associated with verbal ability, though only weakly or not at all with numerical and spatial ability.[3] As with crystallized intelligence, general knowledge has been found to increase with age.[11]ge
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